Congenital Variant of Rett Syndrome (FOXG1 Known Point Mutation Analysis)
- LIS Mnemonic: MBFOXG1KM
Collect
Collect whole blood in a purple top (EDTA) tube.
Volume Required
5 ml
Minimum Required
3 ml
Transport
Refrigerate sample until shipment. Send the sample at room temperature with overnight delivery for receipt Monday through Friday within 24 hours of collection.
Stability
Whole blood can be refrigerated until shipment.
Unacceptable conditions
Heparinized specimens, severely hemolyzed specimens, frozen, clotted or possibly commingled specimens, blood in non-sterile or leaky containers, mislabeled or inappropriately labeled specimens.
Specimen Handling
Do not heat, freeze or centrifuge blood before shipment. Refrigerate sample until shipment.
Days Performed
Mon - Fri 9:00am to 4:00pm
Reported
2-3 weeks
CPT
81403
Disease Information
Clinical Features:
Classic Rett syndrome is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that primarily affects females. While classic Rett syndrome is defined on the basis of strict diagnostic criteria, atypical forms of Rett do exist that vary in terms of age of onset (congenital and late regression variants) as well as symptom severity (preserved speech variant). In the congenital variant form, girls are floppy and retarded from the very first months of life. The majority of congenital variants do not bear MECP2 or CDKL5 mutations, with only four cases being reported with MECP2 mutations. Very recently, truncating mutations in the FOXG1 gene have been identified in these patients.
Molecular Genetics:
FOXG1 is located on 14q12. It encodes the forkhead box protein G1, FoxG1, a transcriptional factor with expression restricted to fetal and adult brain and testis. Truncating mutations have been identified in two patients with the congenital variant of Rett syndrome. Large deletions of the 14q12 region encompassing the FOXG1 gene as well as an inversion of the FOXG1 gene have also been described in some patients.
Test Methods:
Sequence analysis of the mutation previously identified in a family member will be performed.
Detection Rate:
The analytical sensitivity is close to 100% for point mutations by DNA sequencing.
Related Tests:
Atypical Rett syndrome/Infantile Spasms Panel: ARX/MECP2/CDKL5 Sequencing + MECP2 Deletion/Duplication Analysis
Rett syndrome: MECP2 Gene Sequencing
Rett syndrome: MECP2 Gene Deletion/Duplication Analysis
Infantile Spasms: ARX Sequencing
Known mutation analysis is available to family members for mutations previously identified by sequence analysis.
Prenatal Testing is available to adult females who are confirmed carriers of mutations. Please contact the laboratory director to discuss appropriate testing prior to collecting a prenatal specimen.
Results:
Test results with interpretation will be mailed and/or faxed to the referring physician or laboratory following completion of the test. Additional reports will be provided as requested.
Utility:
The clinical utility of such testing is to support a clinical diagnosis of the disease, facilitate genetic counseling, assess the risk to other first degree relatives and to facilitate testing of at - risk family members.
Remarks
Whole blood in EDTA purple top tubes is the preferred sample. High molecular weight genomic DNA, cheek epithelial cells, or other samples containing DNA may be acceptable. Contact the laboratory for specific instructions regarding such samples before sending the sample.
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