What is lambdoid craniosynostosis?

Lambdoid craniosynostosis is a type of craniosynostosis. Craniosynostosis is a condition that occurs when one or more of the growth seams or sutures in an infant’s skull close early. These seams normally do not close until adulthood or later. The lambdoid suture is located at the back of the skull, and when it closes early, the condition is called lambdoid synostosis. This early closure may prevent normal growth of the brain and require surgical treatment.

What are the signs of lambdoid craniosynostosis?

There are two main signs of lambdoid craniosynostosis: The back of the head will be flat, and there will be a downward bulging of the skull behind the ear on the side of the closed suture. The baby’s head will often be larger in middle and back thirds of the skull on the side opposite the closed suture.

In some cases, lambdoid craniosynostosis can cause the two sides of the face to look uneven. For example, one ear might be higher than the other. This is called asymmetry.

What are the causes of lambdoid craniosynostosis?

Often the cause of lambdoid craniosynostosis is not known. But sometimes it's related to genetic conditions.

How Is lambdoid craniosynostosis diagnosed?

Lambdoid craniosynostosis is typically diagnosed soon after a baby is born, during a physical exam. The main sign of lambdoid craniosynostosis is an abnormally shaped skull. Healthcare providers can identify the condition by examining the shape of the back of the skull.

Imaging tests, such as a CT scan, can be used to confirm the diagnosis.

How is lambdoid craniosynostosis treated?

Each baby born with lambdoid craniosynostosis is different. Treatment will depend on your child’s specific condition. Treatment options include:

• Surgery. Many types of craniosynostosis require surgery to open the fused seams. This relieves pressure on the brain to allow it to grow properly. Surgery is usually performed during the first year of life and is individualized to a child’s age of diagnosis and the severity of the condition. Some patients can be treated with a minimally invasive procedure, while some will require more extensive skull reshaping.

A baby with craniosynostosis will need regular follow-up visits with their craniofacial team to make sure that the brain and skull are developing properly. Often, children need annual visits with an eye doctor to check their vision.

What is the prognosis of lambdoid craniosynostosis?

The outlook for children with lambdoid craniosynostosis is good. Most children will thrive and will not have any long-term effects after surgical treatment.

CHOP’s areas of expertise for lambdoid craniosynostosis

Our program at CHOP features a team with the highest level of experience in treating every kind of craniosynostosis, including lambdoid craniosynostosis. Our world-renowned experts have pioneered surgical techniques and serve as consultants to other teams.