News & Views: Updated ACIP Recommendations Related to Mumps and Hepatitis B Published
Published on in Vaccine Update for Healthcare Providers
Published on in Vaccine Update for Healthcare Providers
On January 12, 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published two updates to vaccine recommendations in their publication, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report:
Immunity to the mumps vaccine develops in about 8 to 9 of 10 recipients of two doses; however, protection wanes. When mumps is compared with measles and rubella, limited laboratory evidence suggests lower quantities of antibodies as well as antibodies with lower avidity following either natural infection or vaccination. Additionally, since 2006 the predominant strain of mumps that has been circulating is genotype G, whereas the vaccine is made from a genotype A strain. Neutralizing antibodies directed against genotype G are generated following vaccination, but are present at lower levels than those directed against genotype A.
Over the past several years, experience with a third dose of mumps vaccine in outbreak settings has increased as it was implemented in particular outbreak situations. The third dose was found to be safe and effective. However, data suggests that antibody levels return to near baseline one year after receipt of the third dose, and in the four weeks following vaccination, some side effects were more likely: lymphadenopathy (12 percent), diarrhea (9 percent), headache (7 percent) and joint pain (6 percent). Third dose recommendations during outbreaks were generally well accepted by students and their parents, as reported in surveys of university and public health personnel.
For these reasons, the CDC has recommended a third dose of mumps vaccine during outbreak situations.
Read the complete MMWR article (January 12, 2018, 67(1);33-38).
The MMWR article goes on to address prophylaxis following occupational and non-occupational exposures and vaccine recommendations specific for infants, children, adolescents and adults. The recommendations are specific and lengthy; therefore, if you see patients who may require hepatitis B vaccination or who may be exposed to the virus, this issue of MMWR (January 12, 2018. 67(1); 1-31) is worth reviewing directly and bookmarking or printing for easy reference in the future.
Contributed by: Charlotte A. Moser, MS, Paul A. Offit, MD
Categories: News and Views About Vaccines, Vaccine Update January 2018
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