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This seminar focuses on neonatology and was delivered in Salzburg, Austria, from October 21 – 27, 2018. The lectures are prepared by staff from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) in weeklong modules that are prepared in affiliation with the American Austrian Foundation's Open Medical Institute. The lectures of this seminar are presented in the order of the live event.

What's New in Apnea of Prematurity?

At the end of this session, learners will be able to review the presentation of apnea and understand its epidemiology, pharmacologic therapy, discharge planning in the United States, and a few popular controversies.

Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Neonates

At the end of this session, learners should be able to describe the pathophysiology of persistent pulmonary hypertension of neonates (PPHN), as well as give an overview of recent data of major treatment options, such as pulmonary vasodilators, ventilation strategies, use of inotropes, use of surfactant, and ECMO.

Therapeutic Hypothermia

At the end of this session, learners should be able to discuss lessons and potential pitfalls of therapeutic hyperthermia for neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE), including its related pathophysiology, benefits and risks.

Simulation for Neonatal Resuscitation

At the end of this session, learners should be able to identify benefits of simulation for resuscitation and team performance, discuss additional applications of simulation, and describe key components in simulation-based education.

Neonatal Jaundice

At the end of this session, learners should be able to understand the physiology and pathophysiology of neonatal jaundice, as well as the treatment and management particularly for premature babies.

Retinopathy of Prematurity

At the end of this session, learners should be able to understand retinopathy for prematurity in detail by describing its pathophysiology and stages, different approaches to screening, and available treatment options.

Medical Care at the Edge of Viability

At the end of this session, learners should be able to describe potential predictors of outcome in extremely premature infants, identify the role of “trial of intensive care” in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) management, and describe how “aggressive” perinatal care of periviable infants affects survival.

Lung Protective Ventilation to Prevent BPD

At the end of this session, learners should be able to review the pathophysiology of neonatal lung injury, as well as discuss key concepts in respiratory support to prevent lung injury, specifically the eight protective ventilation strategies.

Neonatal Shock

At the end of this session, learners should be able to define neonatal shock by understanding its physiological principles, classifications, and treatment options.

Evidence Based Medicine in Neonatology

At the end of this session, learners should be able to understand evidence based medicine in neonatology, specifically the definition of evidence, pros and cons of study designs, case histories, and some guiding principles to reach resolution.

Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

At the end of this session, learners should be able to understand neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) by learning its related pathophysiology, clinical presentations, management and prevention strategies.

Quality Improvement in the NICU

At the end of this session, learners should be able to understand important quality improvements necessary for the NICU by acknowledging the problem, defining key principles for improvement, and incorporating the QI methodology back into their own NICUs.

Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Prevention

At the end of this session, learners should be able to understand late onset bacterial infections in the NICU by describing its related epidemiology and pathogenesis, prevention strategies, clinical presentation and management, and antibiotic susceptibility and empirical treatment.

Brain Injury in the Preterm Infant

At the end of this sessions, learners should be able to understand three types of preterm brain injury: intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), and cerebellar hemorrhage (CH). Learners should be able to describe the related incidences, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, complications, and potential preventative strategies of these preterm brain injuries.