Your child has a sore throat, body aches and fever. It seems like they might be coming down with the flu. What should you do?
Now that flu season is here, let’s start with understanding the illness you and your child might be dealing with. The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat and sometimes the lungs. Symptoms may include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, fatigue, vomiting and diarrhea.
If you suspect the flu, keep your child at home and treat their symptoms. “Most people with the flu have mild illness and do not need medical care or antiviral drugs,” says Scott Tomaine, DO, Regional Medical Director of Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s Care Network and a pediatrician at CHOP’s Primary Care location in Flourtown, PA.
If your child does not fall into a high-risk category, as defined below, and they have symptoms of the flu, “They should rest, stay hydrated and just be monitored at home until their symptoms improve,” Dr. Tomaine explains. “Pain, body aches or fevers can be treated with Tylenol® or Motrin®, as needed. It is very important that your child stays home, avoiding contact with other people, until fever has resolved for at least 24 hours and their symptoms have improved.”
Staying home isn’t only the right thing to do for your child’s recovery, but important to help stop the spread of illness in your community.
Who is considered high risk?
- Children younger than 5 years old (especially those younger than 2) and those older than 65
- Children or adolescents diagnosed with:
- Certain respiratory diseases such as asthma
- Neurological and neurodevelopmental conditions such as seizure disorders
- Heart disease
- Disorders of the blood, endocrine system, kidneys, liver or the metabolic system
- A weakened immune system
- People younger than 19 years of age who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy
- People with extreme obesity
- Children with household members who have compromised immune systems, such as family members with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy
High-risk patients should get the flu test
The scenario of what you should do changes if your child falls into one of the high-risk categories. “For high-risk patients, it’s important that the flu is identified and treated early, to avoid complications in these patients,” explains Dr. Tomaine.
While home flu tests can be a good first check, especially for an otherwise healthy child, obtaining a good specimen in a child can be difficult. If your child has a high-risk condition and has a negative home test, you should consider contacting your doctor's office to see if an in-office test would be preferred.
For high-risk patients, CHOP offers a rapid flu test at all of its primary care and urgent care locations. The test detects the genetic material of the virus from a nasal swab within 15 minutes. This test can help clinicians decide whether antiviral treatment, such as Tamiflu®, may be recommended. Antiviral treatments will generally not be recommended for otherwise healthy, low-risk patients.
If started early (must be started within 48 hours of the start of symptoms, the sooner the better), antiviral drugs may make flu symptoms milder and can shorten the time a child is sick. Most importantly, for high-risk patients, the drugs may also prevent serious complications, like pneumonia. But as with all medicines, some side effects have been associated with the use of flu antiviral drugs.
Your primary care provider will take all these factors into consideration when deciding if your child will benefit from rapid flu testing and treatment.
What is the cost of the flu test?
Your insurance company will be billed for the testing, but different insurers vary in whether or not they will cover (or partially cover) the cost of the test. Deductibles, copays and coinsurance may apply. Contact your insurance company to determine if you will be charged an additional fee for testing.
How can you prevent the flu in the first place?
The best course of action so your child doesn’t get the flu?
- Get a flu vaccine annually
- Wash your hands regularly
“All of our primary care centers are currently offering the flu vaccine, as do many commercial pharmacies and local departments of health. We highly recommend that all children be vaccinated,” says Dr. Tomaine. “Vaccinated children are less likely to get the flu and are more likely to have a milder course of illness if they do get sick. All caregivers of children should also receive their annual flu vaccine to prevent the spread of the disease.”
If your child receives their flu vaccine through another trusted source, make sure to let your pediatrician know at your child’s next visit.
Watch the video for more tips on navigating flu season with kids from CHOP pediatrician Anjuli Gans, MD.
Featured in this article
Experts
Specialties & Programs
Your child has a sore throat, body aches and fever. It seems like they might be coming down with the flu. What should you do?
Now that flu season is here, let’s start with understanding the illness you and your child might be dealing with. The flu is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat and sometimes the lungs. Symptoms may include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, fatigue, vomiting and diarrhea.
If you suspect the flu, keep your child at home and treat their symptoms. “Most people with the flu have mild illness and do not need medical care or antiviral drugs,” says Scott Tomaine, DO, Regional Medical Director of Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s Care Network and a pediatrician at CHOP’s Primary Care location in Flourtown, PA.
If your child does not fall into a high-risk category, as defined below, and they have symptoms of the flu, “They should rest, stay hydrated and just be monitored at home until their symptoms improve,” Dr. Tomaine explains. “Pain, body aches or fevers can be treated with Tylenol® or Motrin®, as needed. It is very important that your child stays home, avoiding contact with other people, until fever has resolved for at least 24 hours and their symptoms have improved.”
Staying home isn’t only the right thing to do for your child’s recovery, but important to help stop the spread of illness in your community.
Who is considered high risk?
- Children younger than 5 years old (especially those younger than 2) and those older than 65
- Children or adolescents diagnosed with:
- Certain respiratory diseases such as asthma
- Neurological and neurodevelopmental conditions such as seizure disorders
- Heart disease
- Disorders of the blood, endocrine system, kidneys, liver or the metabolic system
- A weakened immune system
- People younger than 19 years of age who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy
- People with extreme obesity
- Children with household members who have compromised immune systems, such as family members with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy
High-risk patients should get the flu test
The scenario of what you should do changes if your child falls into one of the high-risk categories. “For high-risk patients, it’s important that the flu is identified and treated early, to avoid complications in these patients,” explains Dr. Tomaine.
While home flu tests can be a good first check, especially for an otherwise healthy child, obtaining a good specimen in a child can be difficult. If your child has a high-risk condition and has a negative home test, you should consider contacting your doctor's office to see if an in-office test would be preferred.
For high-risk patients, CHOP offers a rapid flu test at all of its primary care and urgent care locations. The test detects the genetic material of the virus from a nasal swab within 15 minutes. This test can help clinicians decide whether antiviral treatment, such as Tamiflu®, may be recommended. Antiviral treatments will generally not be recommended for otherwise healthy, low-risk patients.
If started early (must be started within 48 hours of the start of symptoms, the sooner the better), antiviral drugs may make flu symptoms milder and can shorten the time a child is sick. Most importantly, for high-risk patients, the drugs may also prevent serious complications, like pneumonia. But as with all medicines, some side effects have been associated with the use of flu antiviral drugs.
Your primary care provider will take all these factors into consideration when deciding if your child will benefit from rapid flu testing and treatment.
What is the cost of the flu test?
Your insurance company will be billed for the testing, but different insurers vary in whether or not they will cover (or partially cover) the cost of the test. Deductibles, copays and coinsurance may apply. Contact your insurance company to determine if you will be charged an additional fee for testing.
How can you prevent the flu in the first place?
The best course of action so your child doesn’t get the flu?
- Get a flu vaccine annually
- Wash your hands regularly
“All of our primary care centers are currently offering the flu vaccine, as do many commercial pharmacies and local departments of health. We highly recommend that all children be vaccinated,” says Dr. Tomaine. “Vaccinated children are less likely to get the flu and are more likely to have a milder course of illness if they do get sick. All caregivers of children should also receive their annual flu vaccine to prevent the spread of the disease.”
If your child receives their flu vaccine through another trusted source, make sure to let your pediatrician know at your child’s next visit.
Watch the video for more tips on navigating flu season with kids from CHOP pediatrician Anjuli Gans, MD.
Recommended reading
Navigating Sick Season
Frequent illness is a normal part of childhood. Focus on what you can control and use these tips to help navigate the inevitable illnesses that circulate every year.
Fever in Healthy Children
When your child has a fever, the body resets its thermostat at a higher temperature. This helps the body fight off invading microorganisms.
Contact us
Division of Infectious Diseases