Background

What motivates Scott P. Bartlett, MD, is the knowledge that his work can make a profound change for the better in his patient’s lives.

At CHOP, Dr. Bartlett says, patients “will get the absolutely best care on the planet in the safest and most caring environment.”

Well known for his work in facial plastic surgery in children and adults, Dr. Bartlett treats patients for both reconstructive and cosmetic concerns. In his reconstructive work, he treats patients with facial trauma, facial palsy, congenital abnormalities and defects of the face following skin cancer surgery.

“The complexity and intricacy of the face and all its component parts make this kind of work especially fascinating,” Dr. Bartlett notes.

In the area of cosmetic surgery, Dr. Bartlett has special interests in the face and neck, concentrating on nasal, eyelid and facial rejuvenation procedures. His research is directed to learning the effects of growth and development, as well as aging, on the structure of the face and refining methods of facial reconstruction. Current projects include exploring methods for non-surgical treatment of ear deformities and methods for imaging facial bones without the need for radiation exposure.

Dr. Bartlett’s other interests include development of novel implants and medical devices. By combining his expertise in infant and adult reconstruction with aesthetic procedures, he is able to marry form and function in restoration.

The field of plastic surgery is constantly evolving, Dr. Bartlett notes. “We are finding surgical solutions to ever more complex problems, and importantly, developing new tools, techniques and approaches for our current patients that are shorter, safer and involve less down time and overall fewer surgeries during the life of a child.”

Dr. Bartlett is a member of the Edwin and Fannie Gray Hall Center for Human Appearance at the University of Pennsylvania, a team of specialists dedicated to improving ways of treating appearance related problems. He is also the holder of the Mary Downs Endowed Chair in Pediatric Craniofacial Treatment and Research at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. He is widely published in specialty journals and books.

Dr. Bartlett lectures worldwide and is a member of prestigious plastic surgery societies such as the American Association of Plastic Surgeons, the American Society of Plastic Surgeons and the International Society of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, of which he is a former president. He is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons and the American Academy of Pediatrics and the former Section Editor in Pediatric/Craniofacial for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the most widely read journal in the specialty. Each year he travels to Poland in a volunteer capacity where he performs surgery and trains Polish physicians in methods of facial reconstruction for children and adults.

Dr. Bartlett is an attending surgeon in the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Director of the Craniofacial Program at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. He is a Professor of Plastic Surgery at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He completed his pre-medical studies at Weber State College in Utah and his medical studies at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. He interned and did his surgical and plastic surgery residencies at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. At Harvard University, he was a research fellow in surgical immunology and later a craniomaxillofacial and pediatric fellow at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. He is board certified in plastic surgery.

Dr. Bartlett has had a careerlong interest in ear reconstruction. For over 30 years he has been using autologous cartilage to fabricate new ears for children born with microtia or absence of the ear. He has recently adopted a new methodology in which a flap of tissue from the undersurface of the scalp is draped over a porous polyethylene framework on which skin grafts are applied. This single stage procedure reduces donor site morbidity and enhances surgical result. He is one of just a few practitioners who are performing this type of reconstruction on the East coast. Dr. Bartlett is also a pioneer in the non-surgical treatment of congenital ear deformations, having developed a system that if applied early in life, within the first few weeks of age, may obviate the need for surgery for many of these conditions.

Education and Training

Medical School

MD - Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO

Internship

Medicine - Barnes Hospital, St. Louis, MO
Surgery - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA

Residency

General Surgery - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
Plastic Surgery - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA

Fellowship

Craniomaxillofacial and Pediatric Plastic Surgery - The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Research Fellow in Surgical Immunology - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA

Board Certification

Plastic Surgery
Surgery

Titles and Academic Titles

Director, Craniofacial Program

Mary Downs Endowed Chair in Pediatric Craniofacial Treatment and Research

Professor of Plastic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

Departments and Services

Research Interests

Craniofacial biology and development

Publications

Papers

2019

Lin LO, McKenna RA, Zhang RS, Hoppe IC, Swanson JW, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. A Standardized Perioperative Clinical Pathway for Uncomplicated Craniosynostosis Repair Is Associated With Reduced Hospital Resource Utilization. J Craniofac Surg. 2019 Jan;30(1):105-109. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000004871. PubMed PMID: 30376505.

Lin LO, Zhang RS, Hoppe IC, Paliga JT, Swanson JW, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Onset and resolution of Chiari malformations and hydrocephalus in syndromic craniosynostosis following posterior vault distraction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019 Jul 2. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000006041. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31274746.

Zhang RS, Lin LO, Hoppe IC, Swanson JW, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Perioperative Outcomes of Secondary Frontal Orbital Advancement After Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis. J Craniofac Surg. 2019 Mar/Apr;30(2):503-507. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005220. PubMed PMID: 31137452.

Zhang RS, Lin LO, Hoppe IC, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA, Swanson JW. Risk Factors for Perioperative Respiratory Failure following Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis for Micrognathia: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019 Jun;143(6):1725-1736. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000005651. PubMed PMID: 31136491.

Murali CN, McDonald-McGinn DM, Wenger TL, McDougall C, Stroup BM, Sheppard SE, Taylor J, Bartlett SP, Bhoj EJ, Zackai EH, Santani A. Muenke syndrome: Medical and surgical comorbidities and long-term management. Am J Med Genet A. 2019 Aug;179(8):1442-1450. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61199. Epub 2019 May 20. PubMed PMID: 31111620.

Mazzaferro DM, Ter Maaten NS, Wes AM, Naran S, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. A Craniometric Analysis of the Posterior Cranial Base After Posterior Vault Distraction. J Craniofac Surg. 2019 Apr 4. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000005496. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 31033762.

Chang CS, Bartlett SP. Deformations of the Ear and Their Nonsurgical Correction. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2019 Jun;58(7):798-805. doi: 10.1177/0009922819844296. Epub 2019 Apr 21. PubMed PMID: 31007048.

Lee H, Zhao X, Song HK, Zhang R, Bartlett SP, Wehrli FW. Rapid dual-RF, dual-echo, 3D ultrashort echo time craniofacial imaging: A feasibility study. Magn Reson Med. 2019 May;81(5):3007-3016. doi: 10.1002/mrm.27625. Epub 2018 Dec 18. PubMed PMID: 30565286; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6414254.

Zhang RS, Lin LO, Hoppe IC, Swanson JW, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Retrospective Review of the Complication Profile Associated with 71 Subcranial and Transcranial Midface Distraction Procedures at a Single Institution. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2019 Feb;143(2):521-530. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000005280. PubMed PMID: 30531617.

2018

Chang Catherine S, Swanson Jordan W, Wilson Anthony, Low David W, Bartlett Scott P: Columellar Reconstruction following Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Injury. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 141(1): 99e-102e, 01 2018.

Zhang RS, Lin LO, Hoppe IC, Swanson JW, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Early Mandibular Distraction in Craniofacial Microsomia and Need for Orthognathic Correction at Skeletal Maturity: A Comparative Long-Term Follow-Up Study. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Nov;142(5):1285-1293. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004842. PubMed PMID: 30511982.

Judy BF, Swanson JW, Yang W, Storm PB, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA, Heuer GG, Lang SS. Intraoperative intracranial pressure monitoring in the pediatric craniosynostosis population. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2018 Nov 1;22(5):475-480. doi: 10.3171/2018.5.PEDS1876. PubMed PMID: 30074450.

Lu SM, Hsu DT, Perry AD, Leipziger LS, Kasabian AK, Bartlett SP, Thorne CH, Broer PN, Tanna N. The Public Face of Rhinoplasty: Impact on Perceived Attractiveness and Personality. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Oct;142(4):881-887. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004731. PubMed PMID: 30252808.

Lin LO, Zhang RS, Mazzaferro DM, Hoppe IC, Pearl RL, Swanson JW, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Influence of Repaired Cleft Lip and Palate on Layperson Perception following Orthognathic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Oct;142(4):1012-1022. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004778. PubMed PMID: 30020234.

Naran S, Swanson JW, Ligh CA, Shubinets V, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Sphenoid Dysplasia in Neurofibromatosis: Patterns of Presentation and Outcomes of Treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Oct;142(4):518e-526e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004779. PubMed PMID: 30020238.

Muhly WT, Tan JM, Hsu G, Sesok-Pizzini DA, Fiadjoe JE, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP, Stricker PA. Care Standardization Reduces Blood Donor Exposures and Transfusion in Complex Cranial Vault Reconstruction. Hosp Pediatr. 2018 Oct;8(10):595-603. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2018-0027. Epub 2018 Sep 4. PubMed PMID: 30181236.

Shakir S, Naran S, Lowe KM, Bartlett SP. Balancing Distraction Forces in the Mandible: Newton's Third Law of Distraction. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2018 Sep 14;6(9):e1856. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000001856. eCollection 2018 Sep. PubMed PMID: 30349770; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6191224.

Zhang Rosaline S, Lin Lawrence O, Hoppe Ian C, Wes Ari M, Swanson Jordan W, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Evaluation of parental and surgeon stressors and perceptions of distraction osteogenesis in pediatric craniofacial patients: a cross-sectional survey study. Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 34(9): 1735-1743, Sep 2018.

Zhang RS, Hoppe IC, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Surgical Management and Outcomes of Pierre Robin Sequence: A Comparison of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis and Tongue-Lip Adhesion. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Aug;142(2):480-509. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004581. Review. PubMed PMID: 29870511; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6502235.

Zhang Rosaline S, Hoppe Ian C, Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: Surgical Management and Outcomes of Pierre Robin Sequence: A Comparison of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis and Tongue-Lip Adhesion. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 142(2): 480-509, Aug 2018.

Judy Brendan F, Swanson Jordan W, Yang Wuyang, Storm Phillip B, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A, Heuer Gregory G, Lang Shih-Shan: Intraoperative intracranial pressure monitoring in the pediatric craniosynostosis population. Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics Page: 1-6, Aug 2018.

Ter Maaten Netanja S, Mazzaferro Daniel M, Wes Ari M, Naran Sanjay, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Craniometric Analysis of Frontal Cranial Morphology Following Posterior Vault Distraction. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 29(5): 1169-1173, Jul 2018.

Naran Sanjay, Swanson Jordan W, Ligh Cassandra A, Shubinets Val, Fisher Michael J, Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: Sphenoid Dysplasia in Neurofibromatosis: Patterns of Presentation and Outcomes of Treatment. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Jul 2018.

Lin Lawrence O, Zhang Rosaline S, Mazzaferro Daniel, Hoppe Ian C, Pearl Rebecca L, Swanson Jordan W, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Influence of Repaired Cleft Lip and Palate on Layperson Perception following Orthognathic Surgery. Plastic and reconstructive surgery Jul 2018.

Mazzaferro Daniel M, Naran Sanjay, Wes Ari M, Magee Leanne, Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: Quality of Life in Adults with Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 141(6): 1474-1482, Jun 2018.

Zhang Rosaline S, Wes Ari M, Naran Sanjay, Hoppe Ian C, Sun James, Mazzaferro Daniel, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis in Nonsyndromic Patients: An Evaluation of Indications and Safety. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 29(3): 566-571, May 2018.

Wes Ari M, Mazzaferro Daniel, Naran Sanjay, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Cleft-Palate Repair: Does Hospital Case-Volume Impact Outcomes or Cost? Plastic and reconstructive surgery 141(5): 1193-1200, May 2018.

Sun James, Ter Maaten Netanja S, Mazzaferro Daniel M, Wes Ari M, Naran Sanjay, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Spring-Mediated Cranioplasty in Sagittal Synostosis: Does Age at Placement Affect Expansion? The Journal of craniofacial surgery 29(3): 632-635, May 2018.

Zhang RS, Lin LO, Hoppe IC, Jackson OA, Low DW, Bartlett SP, Swanson JW, Taylor JA. Nasal Obstruction in Children With Cleft Lip and Palate: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study Utilizing the NOSE Scale. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2019 Feb;56(2):177-186. doi: 10.1177/1055665618772400. Epub 2018 Apr 26. PubMed PMID: 29698113.

Mazzaferro Daniel M, Naran Sanjay, Wes Ari M, Runyan Christopher M, Vossough Arastoo, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Incidence of Cranial Base Suture Fusion in Infants with Craniosynostosis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 141(4): 559e-570e, Apr 2018.

Mazzaferro DM, Naran S, Wes AM, Runyan CM, Vossough A, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Incidence of Cranial Base Suture Fusion in Infants with Craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Apr;141(4):559e-570e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004238. PubMed PMID: 29595734.

Xu Wen, McDonald-McGinn Donna M, Melchiorre Alexandra J, Zackai Elaine H, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Crouzon with Acanthosis Nigricans and Odontogenic Tumors: A Rare Form of Syndromic Craniosynostosis. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association 55(2): 296-300, Feb 2018.

Zhang Rosaline S, Lin Lawrence O, Hoppe Ian C, Jackson Oksana A, Low David W, Bartlett Scott P, Swanson Jordan W, Taylor Jesse A: Nasal Obstruction in Children With Cleft Lip and Palate: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study Utilizing the NOSE Scale. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association Page: 1055665618772400, Jan 2018.

Naran Sanjay, Wes Ari M, Mazzaferro Daniel M, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: More Than Meets the Eye: The Effect of Intercanthal Distance on Perception of Beauty and Personality. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 29(1): 40-44, Jan 2018.

2017

Wes Ari M, Mazzaferro Daniel, Naran Sanjay, Hopkins Edward, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Craniosynostosis Surgery: Does Hospital Case Volume Impact Outcomes or Cost? Plastic and reconstructive surgery 140(5): 711e-718e, Nov 2017.

Naran Sanjay, Mazzaferro Daniel, Wes Ari, Vossough Arastoo, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: A Craniometric Analysis of Cranial Base and Cranial Vault Differences in Patients With Metopic Craniosynostosis. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 28(8): 2030-2035, Nov 2017.

Mazzaferro Daniel M, Wes Ari M, Naran Sanjay, Pearl Rebecca, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Orthognathic Surgery Has a Significant Effect on Perceived Personality Traits and Emotional Expressions. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 140(5): 971-981, Nov 2017.

Mazzaferro Daniel M, Wes Ari M, Naran Sanjay, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: A Volumetric and Craniometric Analysis of Cranial Base Differences in Unicoronal Craniosynostosis. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 28(7): 1725-1729, Oct 2017.

Swanson Jordan W, Mitchell Brianne T, Cohen Marilyn, Solot Cynthia, Jackson Oksana, Low David, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: The Effect of Furlow Palatoplasty Timing on Speech Outcomes in Submucous Cleft Palate. Annals of plastic surgery 79(2): 156-161, Aug 2017.

Wes Ari M, Mazzaferro Daniel, Naran Sanjay, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Nasal Root Deviation in Unicoronal Craniosynostosis: A Craniometric Analysis of Early and Late Postoperative Outcomes. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 28(5): 1220-1223, Jul 2017.

Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: What's New in Syndromic Craniosynostosis Surgery? Plastic and reconstructive surgery 140(1): 82e-93e, Jul 2017.

Tahiri Youssef, Bartlett Scott P, Gilardino Mirko S: Evidence-Based Medicine: Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 140(1): 177e-191e, Jul 2017.

Li Jing, Gerety Patrick A, Xu Wen, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Cephalometric Improvement of Severe Microretrognathia With an Anterior Open Bite Using Curvilinear Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 28(5): 1242-1247, Jul 2017.

Ligh Cassandra A, Swanson Jordan, Yu Jason W, Samra Fares, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: A Morphological Classification Scheme for the Mandibular Hypoplasia in Treacher Collins Syndrome. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 28(3): 683-687, May 2017.

Xu Wen, Gerety Patrick A, Li Jing, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Frontal Sinus Volume and Frontal Bar Position Are Associated in Unicoronal Craniosynostosis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 139(4): 965e-974e, Apr 2017.

Swanson Jordan W, Aleman Tomas S, Xu Wen, Ying Gui-Shuang, Pan Wei, Liu Grant T, Lang Shih-Shan, Heuer Gregory G, Storm Phillip B, Bartlett Scott P, Katowitz William R, Taylor Jesse A: Evaluation of Optical Coherence Tomography to Detect Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Children. JAMA ophthalmology 135(4): 320-328, Apr 2017.

Chang Catherine S, Bartlett Scott P: A Simplified Nonsurgical Method for the Correction of Neonatal Deformational Auricular Anomalies. Clinical pediatrics 56(2): 132-139, Feb 2017.

2016

Tomlinson-Hansen Sandra, Paliga J Thomas, Tahiri Youssef, Paine Kaitlyn M, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Economic Analysis of Cleft Palate Repair in International Adoptees. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association 53(5): 503-7, 09 2016.

Bartlett Scott P, Chang Benjamin, Levin L Scott: Discussion: Ethical Issues in Pediatric Face Transplantation: Should We Perform Face Transplantation in Children? Plastic and reconstructive surgery 138(2): 455-7, 08 2016.

Xu Wen, Li Jing, Gerety Patrick A, Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: Impact of Fronto-Orbital Advancement on Frontal Sinus Volume, Morphology, and Disease in Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 138(5): 1051-1059, Nov 2016.

Xu Wen, Fox Justin P, Gerety Patrick A, Li Jing, Wes Ari M, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Assessing Risk Factors for Hospital-Based, Acute Care Within Thirty Days of Craniosynostosis Surgery Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 27(6): 1385-90, Sep 2016.

Swanson Jordan W, Haas Jacqueline A, Mitchell Brianne T, Storm Philip B, Bartlett Scott P, Heuer Gregory G, Taylor Jesse A: The Effects of Molding Helmet Therapy on Spring-Mediated Cranial Vault Remodeling for Sagittal Craniosynostosis. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 27(6): 1398-403, Sep 2016.

Samra Fares, Bauder Andrew R, Swanson Jordan W, Whitaker Linton A, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: Assessing the midface in Muenke syndrome: A cephalometric analysis and review of the literature. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS 69(9): 1285-90, Sep 2016.

Li Jing, Gerety Patrick A, Xu Wen, Bartlett Scott P, Taylor Jesse A: A Perioperative Risk Comparison of Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis in an Older Pediatric Population. The Journal of craniofacial surgery 27(5): 1165-9, Jul 2016.

Swanson Jordan W, Samra Fares, Bauder Andrew, Mitchell Brianne T, Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: An Algorithm for Managing Syndromic Craniosynostosis Using Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 137(5): 829e-41e, May 2016.

Swanson Jordan W, Skirpan Jan, Stanek Beata, Kowalczyk Maciej, Bartlett Scott P: 30-year International Pediatric Craniofacial Surgery Partnership: Evolution from the "Third World" Forward. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open 4(4): e671, Apr 2016.

Hsu G, Taylor J A, Fiadjoe J E, Vincent A M, Pruitt E Y, Bartlett S P, Stricker P A: Aminocaproic acid administration is associated with reduced perioperative blood loss and transfusion in pediatric craniofacial surgery. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 60(2): 158-65, Feb 2016.

Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: Discussion: First Vault Expansion in Apert and Crouzon-Pfeiffer Syndromes: Front or Back? Plastic and reconstructive surgery 137(1): 122e-124e, Jan 2016.

Swanson Jordan W, Mitchell Brianne T, Wink Jason A, Taylor Jesse A, Bartlett Scott P: Surgical Classification of the Mandibular Deformity in Craniofacial Microsomia Using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open 4(1): e598, Jan 2016.

Swanson JW, Bartlett SP. Congenital Ocular Dystopia from Orbitofrontal Bone Dysplasia. Plas Reconstr Surg. 137 (1): 1-10, Jan 2016.

Bartlett SP, Chang BC, Levin LS. Discussion to the article “Ethical Issues in Pediatric Face Transplantation: Should we do Face Transplantation in Children?”  Plast Reconstr Surg. 138(2):455-7, Aug 2016.

2015

Tahiri Y, Paliga JT, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA.  New-Onset Craniosynostosis Following Posterior Vault Distraction Osteogenesis.   J Craniofac Surg 26(1):176-9, Jan 2015

Tuin AJ, Tahiri Y, Paine KM, Paliga TJ, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Clarifying the Relationship between the Different Features of the OMENS+ Classification in Craniofacial Microsomia.  ¬Plast Reconstr Surg. 135 (1):149e-156e, Jan 2015.

Taylor JA, Paliga JT, Wes AM, Tahiri Y, Goldstein JA, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP. A Critical Evaluation of Long-Term Aesthetic Outcomes of Fronto-Orbital Advancement and Cranial Vault Remodeling in Nonsyndromic Unicoronal Craniosynostosis.  Plast Reconstr Surg. 135 (1):221-231, Jan 2015.

Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Wink J, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Cranial Base Deviation in Hemifacial Microsomia by Craniometric Analysis. J Craniofac Surg. 26(1):e61-4, Jan 2015.

Goldstein JA, Paliga JT, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Complications in 54 Frontofacial Distraction Procedures in Patients with Syndromic Craniosynostosis.  J Craniofac Surg. 26(1):124-8, Jan 2015.

Tahiri Y, Paliga JT, Wes AM, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Perioperative Complications Associated with Intracranial Procedures in Patients with Nonsyndromic Single-Suture Craniosynostosis.  J Craniofac Surg. 26(1):118-23, Jan 2015.

Tahiri Y, Chang CS, Tuin J, Paliga JT, Lowe KM, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Costochondral Grafting in Craniofacial Microsomia.  Plast Reconstr Surg. 135(2):530-41, Feb 2015.

Tahiri Y, Fischer JP, Wink JD, Paine KM, Paliga JT, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with 30-day Readmissions Following Pediatric Plastic Surgery: A Review of 5376 Procedures. Plast Reconstr Surg. 135(2):521-9, Feb 2015.

Wenger TL, Bhoj EJ, Wetmore RF, Mennuti MT, Bartlett SP, Mollen TJ, McDonald-McGinn DM, Zackai EH. Am J Med Genet. 167A(4):852-7, Apr 2015.

Samra F, Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Forbes BJ, Taylor JA. The Prevalence of Strabismus in Unilateral Coronal Synostosis.  Childs Nerv Syst. 31(4): 589-96, Apr 2015.

Swanson JW, Fierst TM, Henn RE, Chang D, Storm PB, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA, Heuer GG. Spring-Mediated Sagittal Craniosynostosis Treatment at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia: Technical Notes and Literature Review. Neurosurg Focus. 38(5):E7, May 2015.

Goldstein JA, Chung C, Paliga JT, Cielo C, Marcus CL, Lioy J, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. J Craniofac Surg. 26(3):634-41, May 2015.

Derderian CA, Wink JD, McGrath JL, Collinsworth A, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Volumetric Changes in Cranial Vault Expansion: Comparison of Fronto-Orbital Advancement and Posterior Cranial Vault Distraction Osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 135(6):1665-72, Jun 2015.

Tomlinson-Hansen S, Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Paine KM, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Economic Analysis of Cleft Palate Repair in International Adoptees. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. Jun 2015 (in press)

Tahiri Y, Bastidas N, McDonald-McGinn DM, Birgfeld C, Zackai EH, Taylor J, Bartlett SP. New Pattern of Sutural Synostosis Associated With TWIST Gene Mutation and Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome: Peace Sign Synostosis.  J Craniofac Surg. 26(5):1564-7, Jul 2015.

Tuin J, Tahiri Y, Paliga JT, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP. Distinguishing Goldenhar Syndrome from Craniofacial Microsomia. J Craniofac Surg. (in Press) Aug 2015.

Hsu G, Taylor JA, Fiadjoe JE, Vincent AM, Pruitt EY, Bartlett SP, Stricker PA. Aminocaproic Acid Administration is Associated with Reduced Perioperative Blood Loss and Transfusion in Pediatric Craniofacial Surgery. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica (in Press) Sep 2015.

Gougoutas AJ, Bastidas N, Bartlett SP, Jackson O.  The use of computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology to aid in the reconstruction of congenitally deficient pediatric mandibles: A case series. ¬ Int J Ped Otorhinolaryng 79 (2015): 2332-2342, Dec 2015.

2014

Paliga JT, Goldstein JA, Vossough A, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA.  Premature closure of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis is Pfeiffer syndrome: a link to midface hypoplasia.  J Craniofac Surg 25 (1):202-5, Jan 2014.

Wink JD, Goldstein JA, Paliga JT, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP.  The mandibular deformity in hemifacial microsomia: a reassessment of the Pruzansky and Kaban classification.  Plast Reconstr Surg 133 (2):174e-81e, Feb 2014.

Tahiri Y, Paliga JT, Wes AM, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA.  Abstract 3: a comparative analysis of complications associated with intracranial procedures in 746 patients with nonsyndromic single suture craniosynostosis.  Plast Reconstr Surg 133 (4 Suppl):974-5, Apr 2014.

Tahiri Y, Paliga JT, Vossough A, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA.  The spheno-occipital synchondrosis fuses prematurely in patients with Crouzon syndrome and midface hypoplasia compared with age- and gender-matched controls.  J Oral Maxillofac Surg 72 (6):1173-9, Jun 2014.

Wes AM, Paliga JT, Goldstein JA, Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA.  An evaluation of complications, revisions, and long-term aesthetic outcomes in nonsyndromic metopic craniosynostosis.  Plast Reconstr Surg 133 (6):1453-64, Jun 2014.

Lu S, Bartlett SP.  On Facial Asymmetry and Self-Perception.  Plastic Reconstr Surg 133(6):873e-881e, Jun 2014.

Derderian CA, Wink JD, Cucchiara A, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP.  The Temporal Region in Unilateral Coronal Craniosynostosis: A Volumetric Study of Short- and Long-term Changes After Fronto-orbital Advancement.  Plast Reconstr Surg 134 (1):83-91, Jul 2014.

Wink JD, Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Goldstein JA, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP.  Maxillary involvement in hemifacial microsomia: an objective three-dimensional analysis of the craniofacial skeleton.  J Craniofac Surg 25 (4):1236-40, Jul 2014.

Goldstein JA, Paliga JT, Wink JD, Bartlett SP, Nah HD, Taylor JA.  Earlier evidence of spheno-occipital synchondrosis fusion correlates with severity of midface hypoplasia in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis.  Plast Reconstr Surg 134 (3):504-10, Sep 2014.

Books

Bartlett SP, associate editor. Miller SH, editor. Yearbook of plastic and aesthetic surgery. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2007.

Thorne CH, Beasley RN, Aston SJ, Bartlett SP, Gurtner GC, Spear SL. Grabb and Smith’s plastic surgery 6th edition. New York: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2006, 960 pgs.

Bartlett SP, associate editor. Miller SH, editor. Yearbook of plastic and aesthetic surgery. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2006.

Bartlett SP, associate editor. Miller SH, editor. Yearbook of plastic and aesthetic surgery. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2005.

Bartlett SP, associate editor. Miller SH, editor. Yearbook of plastic and aesthetic surgery. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004.

Bartlett SP, associate editor. Miller SH, editor. Yearbook of plastic and aesthetic surgery. St. Louis: Mosby; 2003.

Bartlett SP, associate editor. Miller SH, editor. Yearbook of plastic and aesthetic surgery. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002

Miller MD, Bartlett SP, Garner WL, McKinney PW, Ruberg RL, Salisbury RE, et al. Yearbook of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 2001. St. Louis: Mosby; 2001, 434 pgs.

Miller MD, Bartlett SP, Garner WL, McKinney PW, Ruberg RL, Salisbury RE, et al. Yearbook of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 2000. St. Louis: Mosby; 2000, 308 pgs.

Miller MD, Bartlett SP, Garner WL, McKinney PW, Ruberg RL, Salisbury RE, et al. Yearbook of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 1999. St. Louis: Mosby; 1999, 378 pgs.

Miller MD, Bartlett SP, Garner WL, McKinney PW, Ruberg RL, Salisbury RE, et al. Yearbook of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 1998. St. Louis: Mosby; 1998, 330 pgs.

Bartlett SP. A guide to understanding facial palsy. Dallas, TX: Children's Cranio-facial Association; 1999, 20 pgs.

Chapters

2014

Bartlett SP, Reid RR, Percec I.  Craniofacial Distraction of the Maxilla.  Chap. 8 in Zins JE, Gordon CR, (eds):  Handbook of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery.  Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific Publishing Co.  Pte. Ltd., 2014, 219-232.

2006

Bartlett SP, Losee J, Baker S. Reconstruction: craniofacial syndromes. In: Mathes S, editor. Plastic surgery, 2nd edition, volume IV, pediatric plastic surgery. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2006, 495-519.

2003

Bartlett SP, Whitaker LA, Sarwer D. Body dysmorphic disorder among patients undergoing aesthetic surgery of the craniofacial skeleton.  In Sayler KE (ed):  Craniofacial Surgery 10, Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of the International Society of Craniofacial Surgery.  Bologna, Italy: Medimond International Proceedings, 2003, 211-214.

Singh D, Bartlett SP.  Long-term consequences of fractures of the pediatric craniofacial skeleton.  In Salyer KE (ed):  Craniofacial Surgery 10, Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of the International Society of Craniofacial Surgery.  Bologna, Italy: Medimond International Proceedings, 2003, 299-303.

2002

Bartlett SP, Losee JE:  Mandibulofacial dysostosis.  Chap. 20 in Lin KY, Ogle RC, Jane JA (eds):  Craniofacial Surgery: Science and Surgical Technique.  Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2002, 288-308.

Sutton L, Bartlett SP:  Multiple suture synostosis repair.  Chap. 32 in McLone MD (ed): Pediatric Neurosurgery: Surgery of the Developing Nervous System.  Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co., 2002, 396-399.

Bartlett SP, Sutton L: Oculoplastic considerations in pediatric craniofacial surgery.  In Katowitz JA (ed):  Pediatric Oculoplastic Surgery.  New York: Springer-Verlag, 2002, 585-616.

2001

Bartlett SP, Miller SH, Smith DJ Jr. Congenital. In: Miller MD, Bartlett SP, Garner WL, McKinney PW, Ruberg RL, Salisbury RE, et al, editors. Year book of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 2001. St. Louis: Mosby; 2001, 1-72.

2000

Bartlett SP, Miller SH. Congenital. In: Miller MD, editor. Year book of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 2000. St. Louis: Mosby; 2000, 1-58.

Paige KT, Bartlett SP, Whitaker LA:  Facial trauma and plastic surgical emergencies. Chap. 110 in Fleisher GR, Ludwig S, Henretig FM (eds):  Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 4th Edition.   Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000, 1383-1395.

Bartlett SP:  An atlas of orbitocranial surgery. [Book Review] Plast Reconstr Surg 105(4):1563, Apr. 2000.

Bartlett SP:  Discussion of Zadoo, V.P. and Pessa, J.E.:  Biological arches and changes to the curvilinear form of the aging maxilla.  Plast Reconstr Surg 106(2): 467-468, Aug. 2000.

1999

Bartlett SP. Smile reconstruction using the serratus anterior muscle. In: Jurkiewicz MD, Culbertson JH Jr, editors. Operative techniques in plastic and reconstructive surgery. 6(3):190-196, Aug. 1999.

Bartlett SP, Miller SH, McKinney PW, Ruberg RL. Congenital. In: Miller SH, editor. Year book of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 1999. St. Louis: Mosby; 1999, 1-84.

Weinzweig J, Bartlett SP. Fractures of the orbit. In: Weinzweig J, editor. Plastic surgery secrets. Philadelphia: Hanley and Belfus, Inc.; 1999, 147-156.

1998

Bartlett SP, Ruberg RL, McKinney PW. Congenital. In: Miller SH, editor. Year book of plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery 1998. St. Louis: Mosby; 1998, 1-44.

Reedy BK, Bartlett SP. Pediatric facial fractures. In: Bentz ML, editor. Pediatric plastic surgery. Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange; 1998, 463-486.

1997

Bartlett SP, Mackay GJ. Craniosynostosis syndromes. In: Aston SJ, Beasley RW, Aston S, Thorne CHM, editors. Grabb & Smith's plastic surgery, fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers; 1997, 295-304.

1996

Sutton L, Bartlett SP. Multiple suture synostosis. In: Cheek WR, editor. Atlas of pediatric neurosurgery. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1996, 53-57.

1994

Bartlett SP, Yu J. Plastic surgery of the head and neck. Congenital disorders. In: Ruberg RL, Smith DJ, editors. Plastic surgery: a core curriculum. St. Louis: Mosby; 1994, 271-287.

1990

Bartlett SP, Whitaker LA. Craniofacial anomalies. In: Jurkiewicz MJ, Mathes SJ, Krizek TJ, Ariyan S, editors. Plastic surgery principles and practice, vol. 1. St. Louis: Mosby; 1990, 99-136.

Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Schut L, Sutton L. Asymmetrical craniofacial dysostosis. In: Pfeifer G, editor. Craniofacial abnormalities and clefts of the lip, alveolus and palate. New York: Thieme Med. Publ.; 1990, 71-74.

1988

Bartlett SP, Gallico GG. Management of soft tissue injuries. In: Burke JF, Boyd RJ, McCabe C, editors. Trauma management. Chicago: Yearbook Med. Pub. Inc.; 1988, 227-242.

1987

Bartlett SP, Gallico GG, May JW. Flap coverage of exposed and infected large joints. In: Maneksha RJ, editor. Transactions IX: international congress of plastic and reconstructive surgery, New Delhi, India, March 1987. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill; 1987, 351.

Bartlett SP, Whitaker LA. The symmetric and asymmetric craniosynostoses: recommendations for their management based on the treatment of 180 patients. In: Maneksha RJ, editor. Transactions IX: international congress of plastic and reconstructive surgery, New Delhi, India, March 1987. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill; 1987, 166-167.

Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP. A method of treating enophthalmos by extensive lateral orbital wall decompression. In: Marchac D, editor. Craniofacial surgery: proceedings of the 1st international society of cranio- and maxillo-facial surgeons, Cannes, France, 1985. Berlin: Springer Verlag; 1987, 354-355.

Whitaker LA, Bartlett SP, Schut L, Bruce D. The timing and methods of treatment for patients with craniosynostosis. In: Marchac D, editor. Craniofacial surgery: proceedings of the 1st international society of cranio- and maxillo-facial surgeons, Cannes, France, 1985. Berlin: Springer Verlag; 1987, 118-122.

1982

Bartlett SP, Burton RC. Cultured natural killer cells. In: Herberman RB, editor. NK cells and other natural effector cells. New York: Academic Press; 1982, 807-814.

Burton RC, Bartlett SP. Natural killer subsets. In: Herberman RB, editor. NK cells and other natural effector cells. New York: Academic Press; 1982, 173-178.

Burton RC, Bartlett SP, Winn HJ. Alloantigens specific for natural killer cells. In: Herberman RB, editor. NK cells and other natural effector cells. New York: Academic Press; 1982, 105-112.

1980

Burton RC, Bartlett SP, Winn HJ. Heterogeneity of natural killer cells: a serological study with specific anti-NK alloantisera. In: Skamene E, Kongshun PAL, editors. Genetic control of natural resistance to infection and malignancy: perspectives in immunology. New York: Academic Press; 1980, 413-418.

Posters and Presentations

2014

Silvestre J, Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Incidence of positive screening for obstructive sleep apnea in children with isolated cleft lip and palate. Accepted for oral presentation at the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, Indianapolis, IN, March 28, 2014.

Silvestre J, Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Positive screening for obstructive sleep apnea in children with syndromic cleft lip and palate. Accepted for oral presentation at the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, Indianapolis, IN, March 28, 2014.

Silvestre J, Paliga JT, Tahiri Y, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA. Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in children treated at a major craniofacial center. Accepted for poster presentation at the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, Indianapolis, IN, March 28, 2014

Invited Lectures

2016

“The Syndromic Craniosynostosis Management from Infancy to Adulthood.” Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, March 2016.

“Non-Surgical Management of Deformational Plagiocephaly and Congenital Ear Deformities.” Pediatrics Grand Round Lecture, Crozer Chester Medical Center, Upland, PA , March 2106.

“Congenital Deformations of the Skull and Ears: Non-Surgical Management.” CHOP Talks CME lecture, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, March 2016.

“Management of Syndromic Synostoses from Infancy to Adolescence”, “Management of the Crooked Nose”, “A History of Poland and Eastern Europe; A 28-Year Odyssey.” Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, April 2016.

2015

“Poland and Eastern Europe: A 29-year Odyssey.” Surgery, Public Health and the WHO Symposium.  Philadelphia, PA, October 2015.

“Sphenoid Dysplasia in Neurofibromatosis: Patterns of Presentation and Outcomes of Treatment.” ISCFS 16th International Congress, Tokyo, Japan, September 2015.

“Controversy and Consensus in Craniosynostosis Treatment I.” ISCFS 16th International Congress, Tokyo, Japan, September 2015.

“Panfacial Fractures”, “Buttresses”, “Load Sharing”, and “Load Bearing.” AOCMF Course Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction. Toronto, Ontario, August 2015.

“Application of Distraction Devices.” ASCFS/ASMS Boot Camp: Essential Training for Craniofacial Fellows. Barrows Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, August 2015.

“Hypertelorism/Facial Bipartition/Transnasal Wiring.” ASCFS/ASMS Boot Camp: Essential Training for Craniofacial Fellows. Barrows Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, August 2015.

“The Global Burden of Surgical Disease.” AOTK/EG Meeting of the AO Foundation. Chiang Mai, Thailand, June 2015.

“Orbital Hypertelorism.” Department of Plastic Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, February 2015.

“Thoughts on the Management of Craniofacial Microsomia.” Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, February 2015.

2014

“Face to Face: The Craniofacial Program Portrait Project – A Surgeon’s Perspective.” “Facing Another” Seminar, Chestnut Hill College, Philadelphia, PA, November 2014.

“Management of Syndromic Synostosis from Infancy to Childhood.”  AOCMF Symposium – Advances in Pediatric CMF Surgery.  Hannover, Germany, September 2014.

“Poland and Eastern Europe: A 28 Year Odyssey.”  The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia International Medicine 2014 Global Health Lecture Series.  Philadelphia, PA, September 2014.

“Panfacial Fractures”, “Nasal-Orbital-Ethmoid Fractures (NOE)”, “Frontal Sinus”, and “Load Sharing.”  AOCMF Course Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction. Boston, MA, August 2014.

“Children’s Medical Foundation of Central and Eastern Europe.”  AO Foundation Assembly of Trustees Meeting, Budapest, Hungary, June 2014.

“New Trends in Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery.” 9th National Congress SILPS, Milan, Italy, June 2014.

Awards and Honors

2015, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons President’s Honorary Award

2015-2016, Stryker ASMS Visiting Professor of the year

2012, The Don LaRossa, M.D. Annual Teaching Award, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center

2005-present, Philadelphia Top Doctor, Philadelphia Magazine

2004, Mary Downs Endowed Chair in Pediatric Craniofacial Treatment and Research, University of Pennsylvania/Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

2001-present, South Jersey Top Doctor, South Jersey Magazine

2000-2014, Castle Connolly Top Doctor

1997-1998, Ethel Brown Foerderer Fund Fellow

1987, The Medal. Institute of Pediatrics, N. Copernicus Medical Academy in Krakow, Poland

1980, Third Prize - Junior Basic Science 1980 Contest, The Educational Foundation of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, Inc.

1975, Graduate Award

1975, Missouri State Medical Association Honors

1975, Merck Manual Award

1974, Dr. Richard S. Brookings Medical School Prize

1973, Dr. Robert Carter Medical School Prize

Editorial and Academic Positions

Editorial positions

2013-present, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open, Associate Editor, Editorial Board
2011-present, Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction, Assistant Editor, Technical Development
2006, Grabb and Smith’s Plastic Surgery, Associate Editor
2004, Annals of Plastic Surgery, Guest Editor
2003-present, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Associate Editor
2000-present, Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, Editorial Board
1998-present, Year Book of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Associate Editor (Congenital Deformities)

Academic and Institutional Committees

2003-present, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, course director
1996-present, Operative & Invasive Procedures Committe, chairman

Leadership and Memberships

Memberships in Professional Organizations

2007, International Society of Craniofacial Surgery

1999, MGH Surgical Alumni Society

1995, The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Inc

1994, International Society of Craniofacial Surgery

1994, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons

1993, American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association

1993, American Association of Plastic Surgeons

1992, American Society of Craniofacial Surgeons

1990, Plastic Surgery Educational Foundation

1989, North American Skull Base Society

1989, American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons

1989, International Society of Craniofacial Surgery

1988, Plastic Surgery Research Council

1987, Association of Academic Chairmen in Plastic Surgery

 - 1987-present, Requisite Training Committee

1987, American Medical Association

1983, American College of Surgeons